Measurement of Cortisol Levels
A diurnal variation is displayed by the body's level of cortisol in the bloodstream - that is, normal concentrations of cortisol vary throughout a 24-hour period. In normal individuals, cortisol levels are lowest around midnight and are highest in the early morning at around 6-8 am.
In the bloodstream of a normal human being, the levels of cortisol range from 6-23 mcg/dl (micrograms per decilitre).
Cortisol levels may be slightly greater after meals, apart from early in the morning. Some doctors measure cortisol through a saliva sample, as salivary cortisol levels have been shown to be an index of blood cortisol levels. However, the most common test is the measurement of the cortisol level in the blood. The by-products of cortisol metabolism, like 17-hydroxycorticosteroids, that are inactive products of cortisol breakdown in the liver, are also measured at times. Measurement of urinary cortisol levels might also be of value in some cases. Urine samples are collected over a period of 24-hours and analysed, for this test.
Urinary cortisol levels range from 10-100 micrograms per day, in the normal state.
Cortisol levels can increase on account of consumption of certain drugs. For instance, the diuretic spironolactone and estrogen hormone therapy might have such an effect. Drug therapy making use of androgens or the anti-seizure medication phenytoin can cause low cortisol levels. women in the last trimester of pregnancy and highly trained athletes can have higher-than-average cortisol levels. According to some recent research, it is likely that drinking 2-3 cups of coffee per day can raise cortisol levels.
People suffering from depression, anxiety, panic disorder, malnutrition and alcohol abuse also often have elevated cortisol values, probably due to the increased physical and psychological stresses linked to these conditions. Abnormally high levels of cortisol might also be on account of rare tumours of the adrenal glands or pituitary gland.
Cushing's Syndrome
Those who are exposed to abnormally high levels of cortisol over an extended period of time might develop a syndrome known as Cushing's syndrome.
This condition generally affects adults and approximately 10-15 persons per million develop this condition each year. Elevated blood pressure, development of diabetes, pink-to-purple stretch marks on the abdominal skin, fatigue, depression, susceptibility to moods, and accentuated fatty tissue on the face and upper back are among the signs and symptoms of Cushing's syndrome. Irregular menstrual periods and development of new facial hair growth often occurs in the case of women with Cushing's syndrome. A decrease in sex drive might occur in the case of men.
Recommended: Fastest Way To Permanent Weight Loss
|